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| SM STUDY POINT |
A. Work in small groups and discuss the relation between population and pollution. You may include these points in your discussion:
1. Population explosion.2. Its effect on the development of the country.
3. More people, more land.
4. Deforestation.
Ans. Population explosion has brought a great problems in the world. As we see the population is increasing rapidly and gradually which effects the culture on the earth. More people need more land to live and agriculture for their food. They have need to work for which they cut the forests and establish industries. More people effect the atmosphere and the development of the country. The country which has more people need more food, lands and industries etc. for them. This causes the deforestation because for the above trees are cutting fastly and people are capturing the lands of forest. Deforestation disturbs the global system and causes as pollution rivers, lakes, air, drinking water and soil. It also effects as desertification, depletion nonrenewable resources, acid rain, loss of wild species, ozone layer depletion and greenhouse effect.
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B. 1.1. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements.
1. Throughout most of human existence, the number of birth was slightly higher than the number of death.
2. More people will need even less food than they need now.
3. With more people both town and country become more crowded.
4. Higher population density is also not likely to exacerbate crime, ethnic conflict and warfare.
5. Population size and rates of growth are key elements in environmental change.
Ans. 1. (T), 2. (F), 3. (T), 4. (F), 5. (T).
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B. 1.2. Answer the following questions very briefly :
Q. 1. For how long has the global population been rapidly going up ?
Ans. The global population has been rapidly going up by more than 80 million people every year.
Q. 2. What happens when the population goes up ?
Ans. When the population goes up it effects the environment as deforestation.
Q. 3. How many Americans die each day of asthma ?
Ans. Fourteen Americans die each day of asthma.
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B.2.1 Complete the following sentences on the basis of the lesson:
1. The more we have, the better ...........
2. History and common sense tell us that we ...........
3. As the population grows, more and more people are forced .............
4. Forest covered around 40% of the earth's ...........
5. Humanity can continue to fell trees, cross its finger, and .............
Ans. 1. off we are, 2. can control population growth, 3. to convert forests into farmlands, 4. total land area, 5. hope for the best.
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B. 2. 2. Answer the following questions very briefly
Q. 1. Name the countries in which the population growth has been slowed down remarkably?
Ans. China, Thailand and Egypt are the countries in which the population growth has been slowed down remarkably.
Q. 2. The productivity and general health of the world's forest is threatened. How?
Ans. The productivity and general health of the world's forest is threatened by such things as the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, airborne pollution and acid rain.
Q. 3. What hampers the ability of the biosphere to sustain life?
Ans. The eventual consequences of massive and on going deforestation hamper the ability of the biosphere to sustain life.
Q. 4. How does deforestation in Nepal affect India ?
Ans. The deforestation in Nepal affects India as devastating floods.
C. 1. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS :
Q. 1. Why have human populations always been in flux ?
Ans. Human populations have always been in flux because everyday human some people die while others are born. Throughout most of existence, the number of births in higher than the number of death.
Q. 2. What does the writer mean by reproductive age? How do people reach this age ?
Ans. Writer means by reproductive age that human gets capacity reproduce. With advances in nutrition, sanitation and health, people live longer and thus thy reach the reproductive age.
Q. 3. What is human made pollution ? How has it affected America? How will it affect your locality ?
Ans. Deforestation is human made pollution. It has affected America as about 60,000 Americans die each year from respiration diseases. Fourteen Americans die each day of asthma aggravated by air pollution. It will affect our locality as respirations problems, asthama diseases etc.
Q. 4. Population size and rates of growth are key elements in environmental change. Explain with any two examples from your own society.
Ans. In fact population size and rates of growth are key elements in environmental change. When population will grow it will need more lands shelters to live and more food to alive. This will cause as cutting of forests. In many own society I see that men are cutting trees rapidily to make their shelters. They demand many kinds of furnitures, house's materials etc. made by wood which cause's as environmental change. Environmental change cures as heavy rain, droughts etc. which affected the human life.
Q. 5. How do countries like Germany, Switzerland, China, Thailand and Egypt manage to 'reverse' or slow down population growth? What does 'reverse' mean here? How has it been possible ?
Ans. The countries like Germany, Switzerland, China, Thailand and Egypt manage to 'reverse' or slow down population growth by applying these remarkable declines modernization, literacy, media compaings, readily available family planning and contraceptives equal economic, educational and legal opportunities for women.
'Reverse' means here is that slow down population growth.
It has been possible because they have been lacking so far is the resolve to make use this knowledge.
C. 2. GROUP DISCUSSION :
Discuss the following in groups or pairs :
1. "Rising population and deforestation are likely to damage the quality of life on the earth."
Ans. It is true that rising population and deforestation are likely to damage the quality of life on the earth. More people will need more food than they need now, and therefore, the process of deforestation will continue so that, eventually wild trees will vanish. As the population goes up, so does pollution of rivers, lakes, air, drinking water and soil. With more people both town and country become more crowded. Higher population density is also likely to exacerbate crime, ethnic conflicts and warfare. The quality of life and the value we place on human life will continue to erode on the earth.
C. 3. COMPOSITION:
1. Write a letter to your friend, emphasising the need of population control. Ans.
Dear friend Amarjeet. Darbhanga
Date: 24.07.2022
I received your letter and pleased to read it. I am glad with read it that you are going to J & K station summer vacation. I have read in the books about Kashmir about which many poets have said that "It heaven is on the earth, that is here in Kashmir". In fact in Kashmir there is heaven because the environment of there is much better than other places of our country. Where I live there is a crowd. The people of here are busy in theirselves and making atmosphere polluted by their activities like open - sanitation, smoking, using woods as fuel etc. The environmental is facing a critical crisis. People fight each other. Illiteracy is as much as more the people donot send their children to school whose education is totally free. I think it is the effect of high growth of population which affects the environment as deforestation. Here many people are facing the diseases of spirations.
So, my dear friend! I think that the population should be controlled. If it would not be controlled the life on the earth would be not possible. I arguments the central government and state governments to adopt and advertise the methods like modernisation, literacy, readily available family planning etc. to control the growth of population. The governments should follow equal economic, educational and legal opportunities for women. If it would possible, I think the population must be controlled.
Thanks and rest in other letters.
To,
Thikagharari, Darbhanag Your's friends
Bittu Sir
D. WORD STUDY:
D.1. Dictionary Use:
Ex. 1. Correct the spelling of the following words :
existense, specis, contineu, eventualy, probelm, resorses, allready, fourty, compain
Ans. existance, species, already, continue, eventually, forty, resources, problem, compaign.
D. 2. Fill in the blanks with suitable form of words given below :
We are .......... our forest. (destroy)
We are destroying our forest.
rise lose go grow
1. As population ......... up, more and more people are forced to convert forests into farmlands.
2. In fact world population has been rapidly ............... up.
3. As population ..... up, so does pollution of river, lakes, air, drinking water and soil.
4. As the trees of Nepal are cut down, its topsoil is being ..................
Ans. 1. grows, 2. rising, 3. goes, 4. lost.
D. 3. Match the following words in column A with the meanings in column B
A B
(i) grim (a) unsatisfied
(ii) decisive (b) cut down
(iii) affluent (c) to support
(iv) insatiable (d) severe, horrible
(v) felled (e) wealthy
(vi) sustain (f) deciding
Ans. (i)→(d), (ii)→(f), (iii)→(e), (iv)→(a), (v)→(b), (vi)→(c).
E. GRAMMAR:
Ex. 1. Fill in the blanks with suitable Modals given below :
can may should could must
(i) We .............. serve our master honestly.
(ii) Soldiers ...............obey their commander.
(iii) It .... rain today.
(iv) I .……….…... lift this box.
(v) He said that he ........... catch a cobra.
(vi) Jack was so strong that one ............. not defeat him.
(vii) Candidates .............. answer all the questions.
(viii) We .......... honour our National Flag.
(ix) My father ............. be late today.
(x) I ......... win the race.
Ans. (i) should, (ii) must, (iii) may, (iv) can, (v) could, (vi) could, (vii) must, (viii) should, (ix) may, (x) can.
F. ACTIVITY :
Ans.-Hints : Do yourself.
G. TRANSLATION :
Translate the following sentences into English :
1. तुम्हें माता-पिता की आज्ञा माननी चाहिए ।
Ans. You should obey your parents.
2. तुम यह ले सकते हो ।
Ans. You may take it.
3. हमें सत्य बोलना चाहिए ।
Ans. We should speak the truth.
4. सोनू परीक्षा में उत्तीर्ण हो सका ।
Ans. Sonu could pass in the examination.
5. क्या तुम मेरी मदद कर सकते हो ?
Ans. May you help me ?
6. क्या आज वर्षा होगी ?
Ans. Will it rain today ?
7. उसे वहाँ जाने की ज़रूरत नहीं है।
Ans. He need not go there.
8. क्या मैं आपकी मदद कर सकता हूँ ?
Ans. May I help you ?
9. हमें जल प्रदूषित नहीं करना चाहिए ।
Ans. We should not pollute water.
10. हमलोग कलं बाढ़ पीड़ितों की सेवा करने जायेंगे ।
Ans. We shall go to serve (help) flood victims tomorrow.
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